INDUSTRYAPPLICATIONS

Particle Sizing Systems has many products and applications for industry. With our ability to size, count and give zeta potential information on a host of different products we are able to assist in predicting the final performance and stability of these products during the manufacturing process.

 

Abrasives
Abrasives are either natural or synthetic. They can be used to grind, cut, drill, shape, finish or polish another object. Abrasives work by using force on more dense material to abrade a less dense material. The quality of the abrasive can be determined by the "roughness" and particle size uniformity of of the denser abrasive material.

Chemical mechanical polishing (CMP)
Chemical mechanical polishing is used in the fabrication of semiconductors and works the same way as abrasives above. The abrasive in this case is a "slurry" composed of a corrosive chemical and an abrasive (typically alumina, silica or ceria). This process relies heavily on the topography being created on the wafer being polished. The tolerances, usually in angstroms, on these wafers during manufacturing is extremely crucial. Particle size uniformity and lack of aggregates and colloids within the slurry contribute to the overall outcome of this CMP process.

Ceramics
Ceramics are used in many different industries from bricks to biomedical implants to superconductors. Monitoring particle size during the manufacturing process can give you information on the overall performance of the final product. 

Clays
Clay is a natural material consisting of fine grained minerals with varying degrees of moisture. Silts, which are natural materials as well, are larger than clays and interfere with the classifications and performance of clays. ISO 14688 grades clay particles as being smaller than 63µm, and silts larger.

Coatings
Coatings are made and used in many different industries for many different purposes, but with all these different applications the thickness and composition of the coating can be directly related to the performance of that coating. The particle size distribution...need more

Contamination monitoring
Contamination monitoring is one of the industries were particle sizing plays a crucial role. Most industries have standards and regulations they have to abide by and criteria they have to meet for their products. These regulations have stringent requirements that have to be met in order for products to pass QA/QC.

Cosmetics
Cosmetics from foundations to moisturizers to antiperspirants can directly relate their performance to their particle size distribution. Foundations depending on their particle size will spread or distribute differently and reflect different amounts of light. Moisturizers, basically emulsions, need to be less than 200nm in size to be absorbed into the skin. Antiperspirant particles need to be large enough to block pores to prevent perspiration.

Emulsions
Emulsions by definition are a mixture of two immiscible substances. Mainly these are oil in water mixture or water in oil mixtures. The most common emulsions people come in contact with are milk (water surrounding droplets of oil) and butter (oil surrounding droplets of water). In both cases the products are homogenized to a certain particle size to maintain or extend shelf life.

Food
Individual food components powders and liquids are usually manufactured at a different plant prior to final assembly of the final product. These individual components have to maintain a certain criteria to produce a consistent product. Any variation of individual components can alter the flavor or texture of the final product. By using the particle size distribution of individual components as a tool of the QA/QC of a product you can maintain production of a consistent product. 

Hydraulics/Oils
Hydraulics and oils are becoming more expensive. The ability to extend the life of these fluids in equipment is now a major concern. Equipment motor pools need a way of determining the lifespan of the oil in their equipment. Most mechanical equipment that use oils as a lubricant or hydraulic fluid need to determine when to change the oil. The machinery will shed metal flakes or particles in these oils and eventually need to be changed. By monitoring the oil in use you can determine when these oils need to be changed and extend the life cycle of the oil in use.

Inks
As printer technologies evolve the inks used in the printers becomes ever more important. Ink jet and bubble jet printers need a uniform ink particle size distribution with predictable behaviors. Large particles can clog printer heads and distort the final printed piece. Inks are made from a milling process. This process can be monitored with particle sizing equipment to assure a homogenous distribution without any large aggregates.

Latexes
Latexes

Micelles
Micelles are aggregates consisting of lipids with a hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail.

Paints
Paints

Pharmaceutical powders
Pharmaceutical powders

Pigments
Pigments

Polymers
Polymers

Proteins/macromolecules
Proteins/macromolecules

Silica
Silica

TNAs
TNAs